Class 11 Political Theory Chapter 1, Question answers

Class 11 Political Theory Chapter 1, Question answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

1. Explain the meaning of politics or political science.

Ans. Politics or political science is a social science that studies state, government and power ar authority.

2. What is power?

Ans. It is a quality by which its possessor may reward, punish or frighten other and thereby change their behaviour according to his will.

3. Who coined the word 'politics' ?

Ans. In ancient Athens Aristotle coined this word by combining two Greek words 'polis' and 'polity'.

4. How did the word state originate?

Ans. Machiavelli used Roman words like 'stato and "stati' and the English word state originated from them.

5. Why is political science regarded as a social science?

Ans Political Science does not study natural phenomena as heat, light, and magnetism it shuidies society of human beings and the place of power in it.

6. Write the names of two traditional for ancient) and two modern scholars.

Ans. Tinditional- Hobbes, Plato

Modern -David Easton, Lasswell ho wrote the book Politics? A Aristotle

6.Write any two views about the nature of Political Science.

Ans. In the view of Willoughy it is not possible for politics to be a scimce in nature Contrary of it most of the scholars consider if a science like other social sciences.

Short Answer Type Questions

1. Describe the scope of the study of political science.

Ans: Political Science studies state governament and power. The study is very comprehen atye; for its student has to see how the state has been in the past, it is in the present, and what it might or should take in to come. Where there is power and struggle ky its sake, there is politics. Thus this study covers all assocumons and groups which are involved in the struggle for power.

2. Explain the implications of this statement that politics is the authoritative allocation of values which are binding in a society.

Ans. An American writer (David Easton) studies politics as an art of decision-making. The men-in-authority roles take decisions which are binding in a society. So many associations, groups and parties play their role Each decision has some value that is binding. The decision taken by the authorities makes authoritative allocation of values. Its study falls within the scope of politics.

3. What is meant by behavioural revolution?

 Ans. After the second World War, some American writers studied politics in A different way. They regarded politics as study of power and struggle for its sake They took inspiration from Machiavelli Hobbes and Mas Weber. They abandoned abstract and normative concepts of political theory. They studied facts and discarded valuus to propound scientific theories. They adopted new techniques and borrowed material from other disciplines as sociology psychology and anthropology so as to make empirical political theoris.

4.What is meant by scientific politics.

Ans. Philosophers like Plato, Aristotle, Rousseau, Hegel and Green studied political concepts in an abstract form that is not comprehen sible to a man of average understanding. But some thinkers studied political mate rial in a concrete form and then made their theories. Machiavelli and Hobbes laid down principles that are thoroughly empirical and so their affirmations may be verified by the facts. The conclusions of Hobbes are taken as solid and inexorable. So he is known as the father of scientific socialism.

5. Why is Machiavelli regarded as the father of new politics ?

Ans. Machiavelli is the first thinker who studied politics in applied form. His predecessors had studied political phenomena in an abstract form and so they laid down such principles or fixed, so high ideals which could not be proved by facts. Different from them, Machiavelli adopted a thoroughly empirical viewpoint.